3DP parts post-processing
3D printed parts may require some additional operations in order to further enhance them. This step of 3DP process is known as post-processing. For FDM, post-processing may include:
- support structures removal,
- filling the gaps in the print,
- surfaces polishing,
- painting,
- coating with epoxy, metal, etc.
Support structures removal
When the support structures have been printed with same material as the part, these are removed using tools as knives or pliers. This has to be done carefully to avoid damaging the part or injuries.
Support structures removal. Source: Ludor Engineering
If soluble support material, like PVA or HIPS, has been used, there is a lower risk of damaging the part. In this case, the parts are simply submersed in the suitable liquid until the supports are dissolved.
Filling
Sometimes, unwanted holes or cracks in the printed object need to be filled. Materials like epoxy resin, auto body filler, ABS and acetone compound are commonly used.
Surfaces polishing
Several methods can be employed to make the 3D printed part look nicer aesthetically. Sanding or grinding can help removing layer lines or touch-points where support structure was attached to the part.
3D printed part grinding. Source: Ludor Engineering
Vapour or chemical smoothing are sometimes used to melt away the layer lines, giving a glossy look to the part. Acetone is often used for objects printed with PLA and ABS.
3D printed object, before and after vapour smoothing. Source: www.wired.com
Painting
Brush, airbrush or spray painting can be applied on the 3D printed parts to obtain a multi-colour object or to improve the look. Some preparation is needed before applying the paint: sanding, priming, masking.
Painted 3D printed object. Source: Ludor Engineering
Coating, platting
The 3D printed objects can be also coated or platted with various metals (nickel, copper, gold, etc.), epoxy, etc.
Metal platted 3D printed objects. Source: https://3ddc.eu/